Advancements of Platelet-Rich Products and Extracellular Vesicle Use in Otology
Synopsis
Autologous blood-derived platelet-rich products exert their regenerative effects by modulating molecular processes involved in hemostasis, inflammation, angiogenesis, cellular transport, cytoskeleton synthesis and other. Abnormalities in these biological processes can be observed in many conditions, including otologic diseases. The action of bioactive components of extracellular vesicles and platelets in platelet-rich preparations presents an additional therapeutic possibility in managing several otologic pathologies, especially where other interventions for enhancing wound healing, tissue regeneration, and reducing inflammation have been exhausted. The application of platelet-rich preparations has been explored in chronic middle ear disease, tympanic membrane perforation, sudden hearing loss, facial nerve damage and other. Furthermore, extracellular vesicles, which are present in all bodily fluids including platelet-rich preparations, have been increasingly investigated as a potential diagnostic and target therapeutic tool in the management of hearing loss.
