Integrating Generative Artificial Intelligence Into Teaching: From Digital Competencies to Pedagogical Models

Generative artificial intelligence (Gen-AI) is a radical technological change in education. The question is no longer whether to include it in the education system, but how to use it effectively for students and teachers. Understanding the difference between teaching that is merely supported by digital technology and the systematic development of digital competencies is therefore crucial. Teaching that is merely supported by digital technolo­gy focuses on achieving subject-specific goals, whereas the development of competen­ces enables students and teachers to acquire transversal skills, such as understanding algorithms, safe use of the internet, or the ability to create digital content while learning subject-specific content. The use of Gen-AI must be planned from the perspective of education and training objectives. Frameworks such as DigComp 2.2 and the OECD‘s AI literacy framework emphasize that Gen-AI is part of digital competencies that include understanding how it works, critical evaluation, and ethical use. The model for integra­ting AI into the educational process can be divided into four categories: learning from AI, learning with AI, learning about AI, and learning beyond AI. The role of the teacher is crucial: the teacher is not only a mediator of knowledge, but a designer of learning environments that encourage the active use of Gen-AI. Holistic approaches, such as the TPACK model, which enables the integration of technological, pedagogical/didactic, and content knowledge while taking context into account, or the SAMR model, which serves as a tool for reflection and guides teachers toward transforming and redefining learning tasks, thereby enabling the achievement of higher cognitive goals, are key to effective integration. Successful integration of Gen-AI requires courage, deliberation, and collabo­ration, with the teacher acting as a constructor of learning environments, a moderator of attitudes towards technology, and an ethical leader in the digital world.